Relativistic third-order dissipative fluid dynamics from kinetic theory

TL;DR

This paper derives a new third-order hydrodynamic equation for shear stress tensor from kinetic theory, improving the accuracy of modeling relativistic dissipative fluids.

Contribution

It introduces a novel third-order evolution equation for shear stress tensor derived from kinetic theory using Chapman-Enskog expansion, enhancing previous models.

Findings

Third-order equations closely match Boltzmann solutions.

Improved pressure anisotropy evolution over previous models.

Better agreement with transport results.

Abstract

We present the derivation of a novel third-order hydrodynamic evolution equation for shear stress tensor from kinetic theory. Boltzmann equation with relaxation time approximation for the collision term is solved iteratively using Chapman-Enskog like expansion to obtain the nonequilibrium phase-space distribution function. Subsequently, the evolution equation for shear stress tensor is derived from its kinetic definition up-to third-order in gradients. We quantify the significance of the new derivation within one-dimensional scaling expansion and demonstrate that the results obtained using third-order viscous equations derived here provides a very good approximation to the exact solution of Boltzmann equation in relaxation time approximation. We also show that the time evolution of pressure anisotropy obtained using our equations is in better agreement with transport results when compared with an existing third-order calculation based on the second-law of thermodynamics.