Universal inverse power-law distribution for temperature and rainfall in the UK region

TL;DR

This paper introduces a universal inverse power-law distribution model for temperature and rainfall fluctuations in the UK, based on fractal and eddy continuum theories, aligning well with observed data.

Contribution

It proposes a novel universal distribution incorporating the golden mean for fractal fluctuations across all scales, validated with UK climate data.

Findings

Model closely matches observed temperature and rainfall distributions.

Fractal fluctuations arise from superimposed eddy continuum fluctuations.

Extreme values are linked to maxima of dominant eddies.

Abstract

Meteorological parameters, such as temperature, rainfall, pressure etc., exhibit selfsimilar space-time fractal fluctuations generic to dynamical systems in nature such as fluid flows, spread of forest fires, earthquakes, etc. The power spectra of fractal fluctuations display inverse power-law form signifying long-range correlations. The author has developed a general systems theory which predicts universal inverse power-law form incorporating the golden mean for the fractal fluctuations of all size scales, i.e., small, large and extreme values. The model predicted distribution is in close agreement with observed fractal fluctuations in the historic month-wise temperature (maximum and minimum) and rainfall in the UK region. The present study suggests that fractal fluctuations result from the superimposition of an eddy continuum fluctuations. The observed extreme values result from superimposition of maxima (or minima) of dominant eddies (waves) in the eddy continuum.