Temperature of projectile like fragments in heavy ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper presents a model for estimating the temperature of projectile-like fragments in heavy ion collisions, highlighting its dependence on impact parameter and discussing the effects of dynamic processes on excitation energy.

Contribution

It introduces a simplified model for projectile-like fragment excitation energy and temperature, incorporating nuclear matter properties and impact parameter dependence, with potential for dynamic extension.

Findings

Model reproduces impact parameter dependence of excitation energy

Temperature calculations are provided as an easier alternative to excitation energy

Dynamic effects are expected to increase excitation energy magnitude

Abstract

A model in which a projectile like fragment can be simply regarded as a remnant after removal of some part of the projectile leads to an excited fragment. This excitation energy can be calculated with a Hamiltonian that gives correct nuclear matter binding, compressibility and density distribution in finite nuclei. In heavy ion collisions the model produces a dependence of excitation energy on impact parameter which appears to be correct but the magnitude of the excitation energy falls short. It is argued that dynamic effects left out in the model will increase this magnitude. The model can be directly extended to include dynamics but at the expense of increased computation. For many calculations for observables, a temperature is an easier tool to use rather than an excitation energy. Hence temperature dependences on impact parameter in heavy ion collisions are displayed.