Quantization of Black Holes entropy and its cosmological consequences

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that the entropy of primordial extremal black holes is quantized, derives their energy level spacing, explores cosmological implications, and extends the quantization to Schwarzschild black holes, aligning with Hawking temperature.

Contribution

It introduces a quantization relation for black hole entropy and energy levels, providing new insights into black hole thermodynamics and cosmology.

Findings

Black hole entropy is quantized.

Energy level spacing depends on the level number n.

Black hole temperature matches Hawking temperature for Schwarzschild black holes.

Abstract

Starting from a quantization relation for primordial extremal black holes with electric and magnetic charges, it is shown that their entropy is quantized. Furthermore the energy levels spacing for such black holes is derived as a function of the level number $n$, appearing in the quantization relation. Some interesting cosmological consequences are presented for small values of $n$. By producing a mismatch between the mass and the charge the black hole temperature is derived and its behavior investigated. Finally extending the quantum relation to Schwarzschild black holes their temperature is found to be in agreement with the Hawking temperature and a simple interpretation of the microscopic degrees of freedom of the black holes is given.