Chiral edge states and fractional charge separation in interacting bosons on a Kagome lattice

TL;DR

This paper investigates how boundary conditions in a Kagome lattice Bose-Hubbard model lead to fractional charge separation and a novel edge liquid phase with chiral symmetry breaking, confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations.

Contribution

It reveals the emergence of fractional charges and a chiral edge liquid phase in an interacting bosonic system on a Kagome lattice with boundary effects.

Findings

Fractional charges appear at the edges at small hopping.

A new edge liquid phase with finite edge compressibility is identified.

Monte Carlo simulations support analytical predictions.

Abstract

We consider the extended hard-core Bose-Hubbard model on a Kagome lattice with boundary conditions on two edges. We find that the sharp edges lift the degeneracy and freeze the system into a striped order at 1/3 and 2/3 filling for zero hopping. At small hopping strengths, holes spontaneously appear and separate into fractional charges which move to the edges of the system. This leads to a novel edge liquid phase, which is characterized by fractional charges near the edges and a finite edge compressibility but no superfluid density. The compressibility is due to excitations on the edge which display a chrial symmetry breaking that is reminiscent of the quantum Hall effect and topological insulators. Large scale Monte Carlo simulations confirm the analytical considerations.