Vortex Bubble Formation in Pair Plasmas

TL;DR

This paper investigates the instability of vortex solitons in relativistic pair plasmas with temperature asymmetries, revealing the formation of expanding electromagnetic bubbles through theoretical and numerical methods.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of electromagnetic bubble formation due to vortex soliton instability in pair plasmas, supported by hydrodynamic analogy and nonlinear Schrödinger equation analysis.

Findings

Vortex solitons become unstable at intermediate intensities.

Instability results in expanding electromagnetic bubbles.

Numerical solutions confirm bubble existence.

Abstract

It is shown that delocalized vortex solitons in relativistic pair plasmas with small temperature asymmetries can be unstable for intermediate intensities of the background electromagnetic field. Instability leads to the generation of ever-expanding cavitating bubbles in which the electromagnetic fields are zero. The existence of such electromagnetic bubbles is demonstrated by qualitative arguments based on a hydrodynamic analogy, and by numerical solutions of the appropriate Nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with a saturating nonlinearity.