The supernova/gamma-ray burst/jet connection

TL;DR

This paper reviews the connection between supernovae and gamma-ray bursts, emphasizing the collapsar model and discussing observational evidence, including a potential transition object that bridges different gamma-ray burst types.

Contribution

It summarizes the observational status of the supernova/gamma-ray burst connection within the jet-driven supernova framework and highlights a possible transitional event, SN 2012bz/GRB 120422A.

Findings

SN 2012bz/GRB 120422A may be a transition object between low-luminosity and jet gamma-ray bursts.

The jet channel could provide new insights into supernova explosion mechanisms.

Observational evidence supports the collapsar model as a framework for understanding the connection.

Abstract

The observed association between supernovae and gamma-ray bursts represents a cornerstone in our understanding of the nature of gamma-ray bursts. The collapsar model provides a theoretical framework for this connection. A key element is the launch of a bi-polar jet (seen as a gamma-ray burst). The resulting hot cocoon disrupts the star while the 56Ni produced gives rise to radioactive heating of the ejecta, seen as a supernova. In this discussion paper I summarise the observational status of the supernova/gamma-ray burst connection in the context of the 'engine' picture of jet-driven supernovae and highlight SN 2012bz/GRB 120422A -- with its luminous supernova but intermediate high-energy luminosity -- as a possible transition object between low-luminosity and jet gamma-ray bursts. The jet channel for supernova explosions may provide new insight into supernova explosions in general.