Converse Magnetoelectric Effects in Fe3O4/BaTiO3 Multiferroic Hybrids

TL;DR

This study investigates how electric fields can control magnetization in Fe3O4/BaTiO3 multiferroic hybrids, demonstrating a strain-mediated effect that can be modeled to aid future spintronic device development.

Contribution

It introduces a two-region model that accurately describes the converse magnetoelectric effect in ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 films on ferroelectric BaTiO3 substrates, supported by experimental and numerical results.

Findings

Electric fields induce magnetization changes in Fe3O4 via strain effects.

The two-region model predicts magnetoelectric behavior in hybrid structures.

Experimental results align with numerical simulations.

Abstract

The quantitative understanding of converse magnetoelectric effects, i.e., the variation of the magnetization as a function of an applied electric field, in extrinsic multiferroic hybrids is a key prerequisite for the development of future spintronic devices. We present a detailed study of the strain-mediated converse magnetoelectric effect in ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 thin films on ferroelectric BaTiO3 substrates at room temperature. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with numerical simulation based on a two-region model. This demonstrates that the electric field induced changes of the magnetic state in the Fe3O4 thin film can be well described by the presence of two different ferroelastic domains in the BaTiO3 substrate, resulting in two differently strained regions in the Fe3O4 film with different magnetic properties. The two-region model allows to predict the converse magnetoelectric effects in multiferroic hybrid structures consisting of ferromagnetic thin films on ferroelastic substrates.