Finite amplitude elastic waves propagating in compressible solids

TL;DR

This paper derives general equations for finite amplitude elastic wave propagation in compressible, hyperelastic, and dissipative solids, finding exact solutions and analyzing wave stability and nonlinear effects.

Contribution

It provides a unified framework for modeling nonlinear wave interactions in compressible hyperelastic materials, including exact solutions and stability analysis.

Findings

Exact time/space separable solutions for specific strain energy functions

Identification of destabilizing effects in highly nonlinear materials

Wave behaviors differ between fourth-order elasticity and more nonlinear models

Abstract

The paper studies the interaction of a longitudinal wave with transverse waves in general isotropic and unconstrained hyperelastic materials, including the possibility of dissipation. The dissipative term chosen is similar to the classical stress tensor describing a Stokesian fluid and is commonly used in nonlinear acoustics. The aim of this research is to derive the corresponding general equations of motion, valid for any possible form of the strain energy function and to investigate the possibility of obtaining some general and exact solutions to these equations by reducing them to a set of ordinary differential equations. Then the reductions can lead to some exact closed-form solutions for special classes of materials (here the examples of the Hadamard, Blatz-Ko, and power-law strain energy densities are considered, as well as fourth-order elasticity). The solutions derived are in a time/space separable form and may be interpreted as generalized oscillatory shearing motions and generalized sinusoidal standing waves. By means of standard methods of dynamical systems theory, some peculiar properties of waves propagating in compressible materials are uncovered, such as for example, the emergence of destabilizing effects. These latter features exist for highly nonlinear strain energy functions such as the relatively simple power-law strain energy, but they cannot exist in the framework of fourth-order elasticity.