2.5PN kick from black-hole binaries in circular orbit: Nonspinning case

TL;DR

This paper analytically calculates the linear momentum flux and recoil (kick) from nonspinning black-hole binaries in circular orbits using the multipolar post-Minkowskian formalism, including inspiral and plunge phases.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analytical computation of the 2.5PN linear momentum flux and recoil for nonspinning black-hole binaries in circular orbits, incorporating both instantaneous and hereditary effects.

Findings

Analytical expressions for linear momentum flux at 2.5PN order.

Quantitative estimates of recoil velocity during inspiral and plunge.

Inclusion of hereditary effects in recoil calculations.

Abstract

Using the Multipolar post-Minskowskian formalism, we compute the linear momentum flux from black-hole binaries in circular orbits and having no spins. The total linear momentum flux contains various types of instantaneous (which are functions of the retarded time) and hereditary (which depends on the dynamics of the binary in the past) terms both of which are analytically computed. In addition to the inspiral contribution, we use a simple model of plunge to compute the kick or recoil accumulated during this phase.