Temporal and spatial interference in molecular above-threshold ionization with elliptically polarized fields

TL;DR

This paper studies how elliptically polarized laser fields affect quantum interference patterns in molecular above-threshold ionization, revealing conditions that preserve or blur these patterns.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of temporal and spatial interference in molecular ATI under elliptical polarization, highlighting the effects of electron trajectories and field parameters.

Findings

Ellipticity blurs temporal and spatial interference patterns.

Electron velocity perpendicular to polarization axis causes interference blurring.

Conditions for sharp interference fringes are identified.

Abstract

We investigate direct above-threshold ionization in diatomic molecules, with particular emphasis on how quantum interference is altered by a driving field of non-vanishing ellipticity. This interference may be either temporal, i.e., related to ionization events occurring at different times, or spatial, i.e., related to the electron emission at different centers in the molecule. Employing the strong-field approximation and saddle-point methods, we find that, in general, for non-vanishing ellipticity, there will be a blurring of the temporal and spatial interference patterns. The former blurring is caused by the electron velocity component perpendicular to the major polarization axis, while spatial interference is washed out as a consequence either of s-p mixing, or of the temporal dependence of the ionization prefactor. Both types of interference are analyzed in detail in terms of electron trajectories, and specific conditions for which sharp fringes occur are provided.