Ordered Partitions Avoiding a Permutation of Length 3

TL;DR

This paper studies ordered partitions of a set avoiding a length-3 permutation pattern, providing generating functions and proving a conjectured recurrence relation for their enumeration.

Contribution

It derives the generating function for ordered partitions avoiding a 3-length pattern and confirms a conjecture on their recurrence relation.

Findings

Generated the explicit generating function for pattern-avoiding ordered partitions.

Proved the conjectured second order linear recurrence relation.

Extended understanding of pattern avoidance in ordered set partitions.

Abstract

An ordered partition of $[n]=\{1, 2, \ldots, n\}$ is a partition whose blocks are endowed with a linear order. Let $\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}$ be set of ordered partitions of $[n]$ with $k$ blocks and $\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}(\sigma)$ be set of ordered partitions in $\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}$ that avoid a pattern $\sigma$. Recently, Godbole, Goyt, Herdan and Pudwell obtained formulas for the number of ordered partitions of $[n]$ with 3 blocks and the number of ordered partitions of $[n]$ with $n-1$ blocks avoiding a permutation pattern of length 3. They showed that $|\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}(\sigma)|=|\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}(123)|$ for any permutation $\sigma$ of length 3, and raised the question concerning the enumeration of $\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}(123)$. They also conjectured that the number of ordered partitions of $[2n]$ with blocks of size 2 avoiding a permutation pattern of length 3 satisfied a second order linear recurrence relation. In answer to the question of Godbole, et al., we obtain the generating function for $|\mathcal{OP}_{n,k}(123)|$ and we prove the conjecture on the recurrence relation.