Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background generated by Cosmic String Networks: Velocity-Dependent One-Scale model versus Scale-Invariant Evolution

TL;DR

This paper calculates the gravitational wave background from cosmic strings using the VOS model, showing that assuming scale-invariant evolution overestimates the spectrum's peak, affecting observational constraints.

Contribution

It demonstrates that cosmic string networks do not quickly reach scale-invariance after the radiation-matter transition, impacting gravitational wave background predictions.

Findings

Scale-invariant assumption underestimates spectrum amplitude.

Networks do not rapidly attain scale-invariance post-transition.

Results influence constraints on cosmic string tension.

Abstract

We compute the power spectrum of the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by cosmic string networks described by the Velocity-Dependent One-Scale (VOS) model, for a wide range of macroscopic and microscopic parameters. The VOS model --- which has been shown to provide an accurate macroscopic description of the evolution of cosmic string networks --- is used to demonstrate that cosmic string networks are unable to rapidly attain scale-invariant evolution after the transition between the radiation and matter eras. However, in computations of the stochastic gravitational wave background, it is often assumed that the networks experience scale-invariant evolution throughout cosmological history. We demonstrate that this assumption leads to an underestimation of the amplitude and broadness of the peak of the spectrum, that may consequently lead to inaccurate observational constraints on the cosmic string tension.