Closing Supersymmetric Resonance Regions With Direct Detection Experiments

TL;DR

This paper analyzes how future direct detection experiments will increasingly constrain supersymmetric neutralino dark matter, especially those relying on resonant annihilation, requiring fine-tuning of parameters over time.

Contribution

It quantifies the degree of resonance tuning needed for neutralino dark matter to evade current and future direct detection constraints.

Findings

Within 7 years, Higgs and Z pole regions will be fully excluded.

Remaining A/H resonance space will need less than 4% tuning.

Decades ahead, multi-ton detectors will close all remaining resonance regions.

Abstract

In order for neutralino dark matter to avoid being overproduced in the early universe, these particles must annihilate (or coannihilate) rather efficiently. Neutralinos with sufficiently large couplings to annihilate at such high a rate (such as those resulting from gaugino-higgsino mixing, as in "well-tempered" or "focus point" scenarios), however, have become increasingly disfavored by the null results of XENON100 and other direct detection experiments. One of the few remaining ways that neutralinos could potentially evade such constraints is if they annihilate through a resonance, as can occur if 2$m_{\chi^0}$ falls within about $\sim$10% of either $m_{A/H}$, $m_h$, or $m_Z$. If no signal is observed from upcoming direct detection experiments, the degree to which such a resonance must be tuned will increase significantly. In this paper, we quantify the degree to which such a resonance must be tuned in order to evade current and projected constraints from direct detection experiments. Assuming a future rate of progress among direct detection experiments that is similar to that obtained over the past decade, we project that within 7 years the light Higgs and $Z$ pole regions will be entirely closed, while the remaining parameter space near the $A/H$ resonance will require that $2m_{\chi^0}$ be matched to the central value (near $m_A$) to within less than 4%. At this rate of progress, it will be a little over a decade before multi-ton direct detection experiments will be able to close the remaining, highly-tuned, regions of the $A/H$ resonance parameter space.