Entanglement Zoo II: Examples in Physics and Cognition

TL;DR

This paper develops a quantum modeling framework for situations in physics and cognition that violate Bell's inequalities, demonstrating entanglement in both conceptual and physical systems.

Contribution

It introduces a unified quantum Hilbert space model incorporating entangled measurements and applies it to both cognitive concepts and a macroscopic water vessel system.

Findings

Model successfully describes entanglement in concepts and physical systems.

Connected vessels of water violate Bell's inequalities maximally.

Structural analogies between cognitive and physical entanglement are established.

Abstract

We have recently presented a general scheme enabling quantum modeling of different types of situations that violate Bell's inequalities. In this paper, we specify this scheme for a combination of two concepts. We work out a quantum Hilbert space model where 'entangled measurements' occur in addition to the expected 'entanglement between the component concepts', or 'state entanglement'. We extend this result to a macroscopic physical entity, the 'connected vessels of water', which maximally violates Bell's inequalities. We enlighten the structural and conceptual analogies between the cognitive and physical situations which are both examples of a nonlocal non-marginal box modeling in our classification.