The 'nanobig rods' class of gold nanorods: optimized dimensions for improved in vivo therapeutic and imaging efficacy

TL;DR

This study uses computer simulations to identify larger gold nanorods, called 'nanobig rods', as potentially more effective for in vivo imaging and therapy due to improved optical, thermal, and biological properties.

Contribution

The paper introduces the concept of 'nanobig rods' and demonstrates their potential advantages over traditional smaller nanorods for biological applications.

Findings

Larger nanorods show better optical and thermal performance.

Nanobig rods may overcome biological barriers more effectively.

Simulations suggest improved in vivo efficacy for nanobig rods.

Abstract

Currently, gold nanorods can be synthesized in a wide range of sizes. However, for intended biological applications gold nanorods with approximate dimensions 50 nm x 15 nm are used. We investigate by computer simulation the effect of particle dimensions on the optical and thermal properties in the context of the specific applications of photoacoustic imaging. In addition we discuss the influence of particle size in overcoming the following biophysical barriers when administrated in vivo: extravasation, avoidance of uptake by organs of the reticuloendothelial system, penetration through the interstitium, binding capability and uptake by the target cells. Although more complex biological influences can be introduced in future analysis, the present work illustrates that larger gold nanorods, designated by us as "nanobig rods", may perform relatively better at meeting the requirements for successful in vivo applications compared to their smaller counterparts which are conventionally used.