Exact analytical soliton solutions in dipolar BEC

TL;DR

This paper derives exact analytical soliton solutions for dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, highlighting differences in collective excitations between magnetized and electrically polarized BECs due to their electromagnetic properties.

Contribution

It provides the first exact analytical solutions for bright, dark, and grey solitons in dipolar BECs considering magnetic and electric polarization effects.

Findings

Different behaviors of collective excitations in magnetic vs electric dipolar BECs.

Exact soliton solutions for various types of solitons in dipolar BECs.

Spectrum comparison of linear excitations in the two dipolar BEC types.

Abstract

The bright, dark and grey solitons are well-known soliton solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the attractive and repulsive BEC. We consider solitons in the dipolar BEC of the fully polarized particles, speaking of the dipolar BEC we mean both the magnetized BEC and the electrically polarized BEC. We show that these two types of the dipolar BEC reveal different behavior of the collective excitations. This is related to the fact that the electric and the magnetic fields satisfy to the different pairs of the Maxwell equation set. Thus we consider them independently. We obtain exact analytical solutions for the bright, dark, and grey solitons in the magnetized (electrically polarized) BEC when they propagate parallel and perpendicular to an external magnetic (electric) field. Comparison of spectrum of the linear collective excitations for the two kinds of the dipolar BEC is presented as well.