Galaxy rotation curves. The theory

TL;DR

This paper derives galaxy rotation curves from first principles using a vector field model of dark matter within general relativity, providing a theoretical justification for MOND and exploring implications for cosmic structures.

Contribution

It introduces a simple vector field model for dark matter that analytically explains galaxy rotation curves and justifies MOND modifications from fundamental physics.

Findings

Galaxy rotation curves derived analytically from first principles.

MOND's empirical modifications are theoretically justified.

Dark matter modeled by a vector field influences cosmic structures.

Abstract

The non-gauge vector field with as simple as possible Lagrangian (\ref{Lagrangian}) turned out an adequate tool for macroscopic description of the main properties of dark matter. The dependence of the velocity of a star on the radius of the orbit $V\left(r\right) $ -- galaxy rotation curve -- is derived analytically from the first principles\ completely within the Einstein's general relativity. The Milgrom's empirical modification of Newtonian dynamics in nonrelativistic limit (MOND) gets justified and specified in detail. In particular, the transition to a plateau is accompanied by damping oscillations. In the scale of a galaxy, and in the scale of the whole universe, the dark matter is described by a vector field with the same energy-momentum tensor. It is the evidence of the common physical nature. Now, when we have the general expression (\ref{Tik b=c=0}) for the energy-momentum tensor of dark matter, it is possible to analyze its influence on the structure and evolution of super heavy stars and black holes.