Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen string with Non-Abelian Moduli and "Spin-Orbit" Interaction

TL;DR

This paper explores how flux tubes with non-Abelian moduli can exhibit additional zero modes due to spin symmetry, challenging the common belief that only translational modes are present.

Contribution

It demonstrates that under specific conditions, flux tubes can have extra zero modes arising from spin symmetry, extending the understanding of string moduli.

Findings

Additional zero modes can appear due to spin symmetry.

Flux tubes with non-Abelian moduli exhibit richer zero mode structures.

Challenges the Low-Manohar argument in certain cases.

Abstract

It is generally believed that the spontaneous breaking of the Poincar\'e group by flux tubes (strings) generate only two zero modes localized on the string and associated with the spontaneous breaking of translational invariance (the so-called Low-Manohar argument). Being perfectly true in many instances it is nevertheless nonuniversal, and have to be amended in the case of order parameters carrying spatial indices. We show that under certain circumstances additional zero (or quasizero) modes can appear due to spin symmetry.