Equatorial circular orbits of neutral test particles in the Kerr--Newman spacetime

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the orbital behavior of neutral particles in the equatorial plane of Kerr-Newman spacetime, distinguishing black holes from naked singularities through stability and orbital region analysis.

Contribution

It provides a detailed classification of orbital regions and naked singularities in Kerr-Newman spacetime, highlighting how particle motion can identify different spacetime structures.

Findings

Four types of orbital regions identified

Counter-rotating particles indicate naked singularities

Stability regions differentiate black holes from naked singularities

Abstract

We present a detailed analysis of the orbital circular motion of electrically neutral test particles on the equatorial plane of the Kerr-Newman spacetime. Many details of the motion in the cases of black hole and naked singularity sources are pointed out. We identify four different types of orbital regions, which depend on the properties of the orbital angular momentum, and define four different kinds of naked singularities, according to the values of the charge-to-mass ratio of the source. It is shown that the presence of a particular type of counter-rotating test particles is sufficient to uniquely identify naked singularities. It is pointed out that the structure of the stability regions can be used to differentiate between black holes and naked singularities.