Revisiting charmless hadronic B decays to scalar mesons

TL;DR

This paper analyzes charmless B decays to scalar mesons using QCD factorization, favoring a quark-antiquark structure for scalars above 1 GeV and a four-quark nature for lighter scalars, with implications for decay rate predictions.

Contribution

It provides a detailed QCDF analysis of B decays to scalar mesons, comparing two scenarios for scalar structures and examining the effects of penguin annihilation corrections.

Findings

Data favor scalars above 1 GeV as $q\bar q$ states.

Predicted $B\to K_0^*(1430)\eta'$ rate is smaller than $B\to K_0^*(1430)\eta$.

Large rates of $f_0(980)K$ modes can be explained with a mixing angle near 20°.

Abstract

Hadronic charmless B decays to scalar mesons are studied within the framework of QCD factorization (QCDF). Considering two different scenarios for scalar mesons above 1 GeV, we find that the data favor the scenario in which the scalars $a_0(1450)$ and $K_0^*(1430)$ are the lowest lying $q\bar q$ bound states. This in turn implies a preferred four-quark nature for light scalars below 1 GeV. Assuming $K_0^*(1430)$ being a lowest lying $q\bar s$ state, we show that the data of $B\to K_0^*(1430)\eta^{(')}$ and $B\to K_0^*(1430)(\rho,\omega,\phi)$ can be accommodated in QCDF without introducing power corrections induced from penguin annihilation, while the predicted $B^-\to \ov K_0^{*0}(1430)\pi^-$ and $\ov B^0\to K_0^{*-}(1430)\pi^+$ are too small compared to experiment. In principle, the data of $K_0^*(1430)\pi$ modes can be explained if penguin-annihilation induced power corrections are taken into account. However, this will destroy the agreement between theory and experiment for $B\to K_0^*(1430)(\eta^{(')},\rho,\omega,\phi)$. Contrary to the pseudoscalar meson sector where $B\to K\eta'$ has the largest rate in 2-body decays of the $B$ meson, we show that $Br(B\to K_0^*\eta')<\B(B\to K_0^*\eta)$. The decay $\ov B^0\to a_0(980)^+K^-$ is found to have a rate much smaller than that of $\ov B^0\to a_0(980)^+\pi^-$ in QCDF, while it is the other way around in pQCD. Experimental measurements of these two modes will help discriminate between these two different approaches. Assuming 2-quark bound states for $f_0(980)$ and $f_0(500)$, the observed large rates of $f_0(980)K$ and $f_0(980)K^*$ modes can be explained in QCDF with the $f_0(980)\!-\!f_0(500)$ mixing angle $\theta$ in the vicinity of $20^\circ$.