Theory of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Strongly Correlated Quantum Gases

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive theory of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in ultracold quantum gases, linking the EIT spectrum to many-body quantum effects and demonstrating its application across various quantum states.

Contribution

It introduces a general theoretical framework for EIT in strongly correlated quantum gases, connecting the spectrum to the single particle Green's function and many-body phenomena.

Findings

EIT spectrum is determined by the single particle Green's function.

Many-body effects can be observed non-destructively through EIT.

Application to various quantum states reveals distinct spectral features.

Abstract

We develop a general theory to study the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in ultracold quantum gases, applicable for both Bose and Fermi gases with arbitrary inter-particle interaction strength. We show that, in the weak probe field limit, the EIT spectrum is solely determined by the single particle Green's function of the ground state atoms, and reflects interesting quantum many-body effects when atoms are virtually coupled to the low-lying Rydberg states. As an example, we apply our theory to 1D Luttinger liquid, Bose-Mott insulator state, and the superfluid state of two-component Fermi gases, and show how the many-body features can be observed non-destructively in the unconventional EIT spectrum.