In search for the pairing glue in cuprates by non-equilibrium optical spectroscopy

TL;DR

This study uses broadband ultrafast spectroscopy to investigate the electronic and phononic interactions in cuprate superconductors, revealing insights into the pairing mechanism that underpins high-temperature superconductivity.

Contribution

It demonstrates how femtosecond optical spectroscopy can disentangle electronic and phononic contributions to the pairing glue in cuprates, advancing understanding of high-Tc superconductivity.

Findings

Electronic excitations like spin fluctuations influence Tc.

Spectral distribution of bosonic modes correlates with superconducting properties.

Ultrafast spectroscopy can probe the pseudogap regime in cuprates.

Abstract

In strongly correlated materials the electronic and optical properties are significantly affected by the coupling of fermionic quasiparticles to different degrees of freedom, such as lattice vibrations and bosonic excitations of electronic origin. Broadband ultrafast spectroscopy is emerging as the premier technique to unravel the subtle interplay between quasiparticles and electronic or phononic collective excitations, by their different characteristic timescales and spectral responses. By investigating the femtosecond dynamics of the optical properties of Y-Bi2212 crystals over the 0.5-2 eV energy range, we disentangle the electronic and phononic contributions to the generalized electron-boson Eliashberg function, showing that the spectral distribution of the electronic excitations, such as spin fluctuations and current loops, and the strength of their interaction with quasiparticles can account for the high critical temperature of the superconducting phase transition. Finally, we discuss how the use of this technique can be extended to the underdoped region of the phase diagram of cuprates, in which a pseudogap in the quasiparticle density of states opens. The microscopic modeling of the interaction of ultrashort light pulses with unconventional superconductors will be one of the key challenges of the next-years materials science, eventually leading to the full understanding of the role of the electronic correlations in controlling the dynamics on the femtosecond timescale.