Properties of Near-Sun Asteroids

TL;DR

This study investigates near-Sun asteroids to detect signs of thermal surface modification, finding no observable evidence despite their high temperatures, suggesting such processes may not be as prominent as previously thought.

Contribution

The paper provides optical observations of nine near-Sun asteroids, showing their colors are similar to other asteroids and finding no evidence of ongoing thermal disintegration.

Findings

No evidence of ongoing mass loss from observed asteroids.

Colors of near-Sun asteroids are similar to those of other planet-crossing asteroids.

Thermal modification effects are not detectable with current observations.

Abstract

Asteroids near the Sun can attain equilibrium temperatures sufficient to induce surface modification from thermal fracture, desiccation and decomposition of hydrated silicates. We present optical observations of nine asteroids with perihelia <0.25 AU (sub-solar temperatures greater than/equal to 800 K) taken to search for evidence of thermal modification. We find that the broadband colors of these objects are diverse but statistically indistinguishable from those of planet-crossing asteroids having perihelia near 1 AU. Furthermore, images of these bodies taken away from perihelion show no evidence for on-going mass-loss (model-dependent limits roughly less than/equal to 1 kg /s) that might result from thermal disintegration of the surface. We conclude that, while thermal modification may be an important process in the decay of near-Sun asteroids and in the production of debris, our new data provide no evidence for it.