A Miniaturized Prototype of Resonant Banana-Shaped Photoacoustic Cell for Gas Sensing

TL;DR

This paper presents a miniaturized resonant banana-shaped photoacoustic cell prototype for gas sensing, demonstrating its design, experimental performance, and potential for leak detection despite limited absorption sensitivity.

Contribution

The study introduces a compact, optimized banana-shaped photoacoustic cell prototype for laser spectroscopy, with experimental validation and analysis of its noise and detection capabilities.

Findings

Prototype volume ~5 mm^3 with resonance at ~32.9 kHz

Minimal detectable absorption ~8.07×10^(-8) cm^(-1) W Hz^(-1/2)

Good capability for gas-leak detection despite low absorption sensitivity

Abstract

A resonant photoacoustic cell intended for laser-spectroscopy gas sensing is represented. This cell is a miniature imitation of a macro-scale banana-shaped cell developed previously. The parameters, which specify the cavity shape, are chosen so as not only to provide optimal cell operation at a selected acoustic resonance but also to reduce substantially the cell sizes. A miniaturized prototype cell (the volume of acoustic cavity of ~ 5 mm^3) adapted to the narrow diffraction-limited beam of near-infrared laser is produced and examined experimentally. The noise-associated measurement error and laser-initiated signals are studied as functions of modulation frequency. The background signal and the useful response to light absorption by the gas are analyzed in measurements of absorption for ammonia in nitrogen flow with the help of a pigtailed DFB laser diode oscillated near a wavelength of 1.53 um. The performance of prototype operation at the second longitudinal acoustic resonance (the resonance frequency of ~ 32.9 kHz, Q-factor of ~ 16.3) is estimated. The noise-limited minimal detectable absorption normalized to laser-beam power and detection bandwidth is ~ 8.07*10^(-8) cm^(-1) W Hz^(-1/2). The amplitude of the background signal is equivalent to an absorption coefficient of ~ 2.5*10^(-5) cm^(-1). Advantages and drawbacks of the cell prototype are discussed. Despite low absorption-sensing performance, the produced miniaturized cell prototype shows a good capability of gas-leak detection.