Bosonic (meta)stabilization of cosmic string loops

TL;DR

This paper investigates whether a gas of low-mass bosons trapped inside cosmic string loops can stabilize them, but finds that high-energy bosons escape, making the stabilization ineffective and the loops unstable.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of bosonic stabilization of cosmic string loops and analyzes its viability, concluding it is ineffective due to boson escape.

Findings

Bosonic gas exerts pressure to stabilize string loops.

High-energy bosons escape, leading to loop shrinkage.

Bosonic stabilization mechanism is ultimately ineffective.

Abstract

We consider the possibility of a bosonic (meta)stabilization of a cosmic gauge string loop due to the presence of a gas of low mass bosonic particles which become trapped within the string core. This boson gas exerts a pressure which tends to counteract the string tension, allowing a circular string loop to find a finite equilibrium radius, provided that gas particles do not escape the string core. However, high energy bosons do escape, and consequently the loop shrinks and the temperature rises. Estimates indicate that the bosonic stabilization mechanism is ineffective, and the loop is unstable against decay.