Measurement of Cosmic Ray Spectrum and Anisotropy with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

TL;DR

This paper reports on the ARGO-YBJ experiment's measurements of cosmic ray spectrum and anisotropy, providing new insights into their composition and distribution at different energies and angles, including the first ground-based spectrum overlap with direct methods.

Contribution

It presents the first ground-based measurement of the light component (p+He) spectrum overlapping with direct measurements and studies cosmic ray anisotropy and horizontal air showers at high zenith angles.

Findings

Measured the CR spectrum (5-200 TeV) for the light component.

Observed anisotropy of galactic CRs at various angular scales.

Studied non-attenuated shower components at zenith angles >70°.

Abstract

The combined measurement of the cosmic ray (CR) energy spectrum and anisotropy in their arrival direction distribution needs the knowledge of the elemental composition of the radiation to discriminate between different origin and propagation models. Important information on the CR mass composition can be obtained studying the EAS muon content through the measurement of the CR rate at different zenith angles. In this paper we report on the observation of the anisotropy of galactic CRs at different angular scales with the ARGO-YBJ experiment. We report also on the study of the primary CR rate for different zenith angles. The light component (p+He) has been selected and its energy spectrum measured in the energy range (5 - 200) TeV for quasi-vertical events. With this analysis for the first time a ground-based measurement of the CR spectrum overlaps data obtained with direct methods for more than one energy decade, thus providing a solid anchorage to the CR spectrum measurements carried out by EAS arrays in the knee region. Finally, a preliminary study of the non-attenuated shower component at a zenith angle $\theta >$ 70$^{\circ}$ (through the observation of the so-called horizantal air showers) is presented.