Complex Magnetic Phase Diagram of a Geometrically Frustrated Sm Lattice: SmPd2Al3 case

TL;DR

This study reveals the complex magnetic phase diagram of SmPd2Al3, a geometrically frustrated Sm-based compound, exhibiting multiple phase transitions, reduced magnetic moments, and metastable states due to crystal field effects and magnetic frustration.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed investigation of SmPd2Al3's magnetic phases, highlighting its complex behavior and frustration effects through neutron diffraction and magnetometry.

Findings

Four magnetic phase transitions at 3.4, 3.9, 4.3, and 12.5 K.

Determination of magnetic k-vector (1/3, 1/3, 0) in the intermediate temperature range.

Observation of reduced Sm magnetic moment (~0.2 μB) and metastable magnetic states.

Abstract

Magnetism in SmPd2Al3 was investigated on a single crystal by magnetometry and neutron diffraction. SmPd2Al3 represents a distinctive example of the Sm magnetism exhibiting complex magnetic behavior at low temperatures with four consecutive magnetic phase transitions at 3.4, 3.9, 4.3 and 12.5 K. The rich magnetic phase diagram of this compound reflects the specific features of the Sm3+ ion, namely the energy nearness of the ground-state multiplet J = 5/2 and the first excited multiplet J = 7/2 in conjunction with strong crystal field influence. Consequently, a significantly reduced Sm magnetic moment in comparison with the theoretical Sm3+ free-ion value is observed. Despite the strong neutron absorption by natural samarium and the small Sm magnetic moment (~ 0.2 {\mu}B) we have successfully determined the magnetic k-vector (1/3, 1/3, 0) of the phase existing in the temperature interval 12.5 - 4.3 K. This observation classifies the SmPd2Al3 compound as a magnetically frustrated system. The complex magnetic behavior of this material is further illustrated by kinetic effects of the magnetization inducing rather complicated magnetic structure with various metastable states.