Peaks in the CMBR power spectrum. II. Physical interpretation for any cosmological scenario

TL;DR

This paper explores the physical origins of peaks in the CMBR power spectrum, suggesting they can arise from various scenarios beyond the standard acoustic oscillations, and evaluates the fit of polynomial models to observational data.

Contribution

It provides a physical interpretation of CMBR peaks applicable to multiple cosmological models and assesses polynomial fits to observational data, supporting the standard model's robustness.

Findings

Oscillations in the power spectrum can originate from various physical processes.

A six-parameter polynomial can fit the first two peaks of the data.

The standard cosmological model better reproduces higher order peaks.

Abstract

In a previous paper (part I), the mathematical properties of the cosmic microwave background radiation power spectrum which presents oscillations were discussed. Here, we discuss the physical interpretation: a power spectrum with oscillations is a rather normal characteristic expected from any fluid with clouds of overdensities that emits/absorb radiation or interact gravitationally with the photons, and with a finite range of sizes and distances for those clouds. The standard cosmological interpretation of "acoustic" peaks is just a particular case; peaks in the power spectrum might be generated in scenarios within some alternative cosmological model that have nothing to do with oscillations due to gravitational compression in a fluid. We also calculate the angular correlation function of the anisotropies from the WMAP-7yr and ACT data, in an attempt to derive the minimum number of parameters a polynomial function should have to fit it: a set of polynomial functions with a total of six free parameters, apart from the amplitude, is enough to reproduce the first two peaks. However, the standard model with six tunable free parameters also reproduces higher order peaks, giving the standard model a higher confidence. At present, while no simple function with six free parameters is found to give a fit as good as the one given by the standard cosmological model, we may consider the predictive power of the standard model beyond an instrumentalist approach (such as the Ptolemaic astronomy model of the orbits of the planets).