Observational Upper Bound on the Cosmic Abundances of Negative-mass Compact Objects and Ellis Wormholes from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Search

TL;DR

This study uses the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data to place the first cosmological constraints on the abundance of negative-mass compact objects and Ellis wormholes, finding no evidence of lensing effects in about 50,000 quasars.

Contribution

It provides the first observational upper bounds on the cosmic densities of these exotic objects using quasar lensing data.

Findings

No multiple images detected for the targeted objects.

Upper bounds on the number density of negative-mass objects and wormholes.

Constraints imply very low cosmic abundance of these exotic objects.

Abstract

The latest result in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Search (SQLS) has set the first cosmological constraints on negative-mass compact objects and Ellis wormholes. There are no multiple images lensed by the above two exotic objects for $\sim 50000$ distant quasars in the SQLS data. Therefore, an upper bound is put on the cosmic abundances of these lenses. The number density of negative mass compact objects is $n<10^{-8} (10^{-4}) h^3 {\rm Mpc}^{-3}$ at the mass scale $|M| > 10^{15} (10^{12}) M_\odot$, which corresponds to the cosmological density parameter $|\Omega| < 10^{-4}$ at the galaxy-scale mass range $|M|=10^{12-15}M_\odot$. The number density of the Ellis wormhole is $n<10^{-4} h^3 {\rm Mpc}^{-3}$ for a range of the throat radius $a = 10^{1-4}$pc, which is much smaller than the Einstein ring radius.