The NGC 1614 Interacting Galaxy: Molecular Gas Feeding a "Ring of Fire"

TL;DR

This study investigates the molecular gas distribution in NGC 1614, revealing a partial circumnuclear ring with GMAs, suggesting gas inflow and potential star formation triggering mechanisms in a merging galaxy.

Contribution

First high-resolution CO(2-1) observations of NGC 1614's molecular gas revealing detailed ring structure and GMA distribution, linking gas dynamics to starburst activity.

Findings

Most molecular gas is diffuse, with GMAs concentrated near the circumnuclear ring.

The ring shows uneven mass distribution, mainly on the western side.

Evidence of gas inflow from tidal debris feeding the nuclear region.

Abstract

Minor mergers frequently occur between giant and gas-rich low mass galaxies and can provide significant amounts of interstellar matter to refuel star formation and power AGN in the giant systems. Major starbursts and/or AGN result when fresh gas is transported and compressed in the central regions of the giant galaxy. This is the situation in NGC1614, whose molecular medium we explore at half arcsecond angular resolution through our observations of 12CO(2-1) emission using the SMA. We compare our maps with optical and Pa alpha, HST and high angular resolution radio continuum images to study the relationships between dense molecular gas and the starburst region. The most intense CO emission occurs in a partial ring with ~230pc radius around the center, with an extension to the north-west into the dust lane that contains diffuse molecular gas. We resolve 10 GMAs in the ring which has an integrated molecular mass of ~8x10^8M_sun. Our observations filter out a large part of the CO(1-0) emission mapped at shorter spacings, indicating that most of the molecular gas is diffuse and that GMAs only exist near and within the circumnuclear ring. The molecular ring is uneven with most of the mass on the western side, which also contains GMAs extending into a pronounced tidal dust lane. The spatial and kinematic patterns suggest that the northwest extension of the ring is a cosmic umbilical cord that is feeding molecular gas associated with the dust lane and tidal debris into the nuclear ring. The astrophysical process for producing a ring structure is not fully understood, but the presence of numerous GMAs suggests an orbit crowding or resonance phenomenon. There is some evidence that star formation is progressing radially outwards within the ring, indicating that a self-triggering mechanism may also affect these processes.