Search for the CP violating $K_S \to 3\pi^0$ decay with the KLOE detector

TL;DR

This paper reports a new, more sensitive search for the rare CP-violating decay $K_S o 3 extpi^0$ using the KLOE detector, setting a significantly improved upper limit on its branching ratio.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel analysis technique with enhanced background suppression, leading to a fivefold improvement in the upper limit of the decay's branching ratio.

Findings

No candidates found in data and background simulations.

Set an upper limit on BR($K_S o 3 extpi^0) < 2.6 imes 10^{-8}$ at 90% C.L.

Improved the limit on the $ exteta_{000}$ parameter to $< 0.0088$.

Abstract

We present a new search for the $K_S \to 3\pi^0$ decay performed with the KLOE detector operating at the DA$\Phi$NE $\phi$--factory. The $K_S$ mesons were tagged via registration of $K_L$ mesons which crossed the drift chamber without decaying and interacted with the KLOE electromagnetic calorimeter. The $K_S \to 3\pi^0$ decay was then searched requiring six prompt photons. To suppress background, originating from fake $K_S$ tags and $K_S \to 2\pi^0$ decays with additional two spurious clusters, we have performed a discriminant analysis based on kinematical fit, testing of the signal and background hypotheses and exploiting of the differences in kinematics of the $K_S$ decays into $2\pi^0$ and $3\pi^0$. In a sample of about 1.7$\cdot 10^9$ $\phi \to K_S K_L$ events we have found no candidates in data and simulated background samples. Normalizing to the number of $K_S \to 2\pi^0$ events in the same sample, we have set the upper limit on the $K_S \to 3\pi^0$ branching ratio BR($K_S \to 3\pi^0) < 2.6 \cdot 10^{-8}$ at 90% C.L., five times lower than the previous limit. This upper limit can be translated into a limit on the modulus of the $\eta_{000}$ parameter amounting to $|\eta_{000}| < 0.0088$ at 90% C.L., improving by a factor two the latest direct measurement.