Cosmological perturbations from statistical thermal fluctuations
Tirthabir Biswas, Robert Brandenberger, Tomi Koivisto, Anupam Mazumdar

TL;DR
This paper derives formulas for scalar and tensor cosmological perturbations caused by thermal fluctuations in a fluid, providing a framework for scenarios where cosmic structures originate from thermal, not quantum, fluctuations.
Contribution
It introduces a general method to compute cosmological perturbations from thermal fluctuations for any fluid with an arbitrary equation of state.
Findings
Formulas for scalar and tensor spectra derived
Predictions for nongaussianity parameters provided
Applicable to thermal seeding scenarios in cosmology
Abstract
Cosmological perturbations due to statistical thermal fluctuations in a single fluid characterized by an arbitrary equation of state are computed. Formulas to predict the scalar and tensor perturbation spectra and nongaussianity parameters at a given temperature are derived. These results are relevant to any cosmological scenario where cosmic structures may have been seeded thermally instead of originating purely from quantum vacuum fluctuations.
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