Reconstruction of the Tunguska Event of 1908: Neither an Asteroid, Nor a Comet Core

TL;DR

This paper reconstructs the 1908 Tunguska event considering all empirical evidence and concludes it was not caused by an asteroid or comet core, suggesting the existence of an unknown type of space object.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive reconstruction of the Tunguska event based on all available empirical data, challenging previous asteroid or comet core hypotheses.

Findings

The event was not caused by an asteroid or comet core.

Evidence suggests the existence of an unknown dangerous space object.

A holistic approach to evidence is crucial for accurate event reconstruction.

Abstract

The Tunguska explosion occurred in the morning of June 30, 1908, in Central Siberia, some 800 km NNW from Lake Baikal. It devastated the forested area of 2150 sq. km, flattening and scorching some 30 million trees. Before this, a luminous body flew overhead in the cloudless sky. The air waves from the explosion were recorded as far as in London. The object that flew that morning over Siberia is usually designated the "Tunguska meteorite" or - more cautiously - the "Tunguska space body" (TSB). Certainly, this body was dangerous: the taiga was leveled over an area twice as large as New York City. The whole number of Tunguska hypotheses reaches a hundred, or so. But few of them have been built according to the standards of science and with due consideration of empirical data. There is also a serious methodological problem that is, as a rule, overlooked: the need to take into consideration all empirical data and to reconstruct the Tunguska event before building any models of it. Such a reconstruction is essential - since the consequences of this event are many and varied. The main Tunguska traces may be grouped and listed as follows: (a) material traces; (b) instrumental traces; (c) informational traces. To be sure that a proposed theory is correct, the scientist must check it against all the three types of Tunguska evidence. Having reconstructed the Tunguska event with due attention to all the evidence, we have to conclude that it could not have been an asteroid or a comet core. There seems to exist in space another type of dangerous space objects, whose nature still remains unknown.