A numerical exploration of Miranda's dynamical history

TL;DR

This paper revisits Miranda's long-term dynamical history using modern chaos indicators and computational tools, confirming the resonance responsible for its inclination and exploring trajectories with higher inclinations.

Contribution

It introduces a modern numerical analysis of Miranda's dynamics, utilizing chaos indicators like MEGNO and frequency map analysis, and provides new insights into its inclination evolution.

Findings

Resonance explains Miranda's current inclination of 4.5°

Secondary resonances may have halted inclination growth

Trajectories with inclinations up to 7° are possible

Abstract

The Uranian satellite Miranda presents a high inclination (4.338{\deg}) and evidences of resurfacing. It is accepted since 20 years (e.g. Tittemore and Wisdom 1989, Malhotra and Dermott 1990) that this inclination is due to the past trapping into the 3:1 resonance with Umbriel. These last years there is a renewal of interest for the Uranian system since the Hubble Space Telescope permitted the detection of an inner system of rings and small embedded satellites, their dynamics being of course ruled by the main satellites. For this reason, we here propose to revisit the long-term dynamics of Miranda, using modern tools like intensive computing facilities and new chaos indicators (MEGNO and frequency map analysis). As in the previous studies, we find the resonance responsible for the inclination of Miranda and the secondary resonances associated, likely to have stopped the rise of Miranda's inclination at 4.5{\deg}. Moreover, we get other trajectories in which this inclination reaches 7{\deg}. We also propose an analytical study of the secondary resonances associated, based on the study by Moons and Henrard (1993).