Microwave-controlled coupling of Majorana bound states

TL;DR

This paper proposes a method to control Majorana qubits using microwave radiation in a cavity, enabling full single-qubit operations essential for topological quantum computing.

Contribution

It introduces a microwave-controlled coupling scheme for Majorana bound states in an inhomogeneous Kitaev chain, facilitating qubit rotations for quantum computation.

Findings

Microwave radiation can exponentially enhance Majorana coupling.

Microwaves can induce Rabi oscillations in Majorana states.

The model applies to topological nanowires in microwave cavities.

Abstract

We propose microwave-controlled rotations for qubits realized as Majorana bound states. To this end we study an inhomogeneous Kitaev chain in a microwave cavity. The chain consists of two topologically nontrivial regions separated by a topologically trivial, gapped region. The Majorana bound states at the interfaces between the left (right) regions and the central region are coupled, and their energies are split by virtual cotunneling processes. The amplitude for these cotunneling processes decreases exponentially in the number of sites of the gapped region, and the decay length diverges as the gap of the topologically trivial region closes. We demonstrate that microwave radiation can exponentially enhance the coupling between the Majorana bound states, both for classical and quantized electric fields. By solving the appropriate Liouville equation numerically we show that microwaves can drive Rabi oscillations in the Majorana sector. Our model emerges as an effective description for a topological semiconductor nanowire in a microwave cavity. Thus, our proposal provides an experimentally feasible way to obtain full single-qubit control necessary for universal quantum computation with Majorana qubits.