Four-dimensional Causal Dynamical Triangulations and an effective transfer matrix

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that an effective transfer matrix based on the scale factor can accurately model the evolution of the quantum universe in Causal Dynamical Triangulations, aligning with minisuperspace predictions.

Contribution

It introduces an effective transfer matrix approach for 4D Causal Dynamical Triangulations that captures quantum universe dynamics without freezing degrees of freedom.

Findings

Effective transfer matrix describes quantum universe evolution.

Effective action matches minisuperspace model.

No degrees of freedom are frozen in this framework.

Abstract

Causal Dynamical Triangulations is a background independent approach to quantum gravity. We show that there exists an effective transfer matrix labeled by the scale factor which properly describes the evolution of the quantum universe. In this framework no degrees of freedom are frozen, but, the obtained effective action agrees with the minisuperspace model.