The hybrid lattice of KxFe2-ySe2: why superconductivity and magnetism can coexist

TL;DR

This study reveals that in KxFe2-ySe2, local atomic distortions create two types of Fe environments, enabling the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism without phase separation, highlighting the importance of local structure.

Contribution

It demonstrates that local Fe sublattice distortions lead to bimodal Fe environments, explaining the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism in KxFe2-ySe2.

Findings

Fe sublattice is locally distorted with two Fe valence environments

Superconductivity coexists with magnetic order without phase separation

Dual Fe bond environments are driven by K and Fe content

Abstract

Much remains unknown of the microscopic origin of superconductivity when it materializes in atomically disordered systems as in amorphous alloys (1) or in crystals riddled with defects(2). A manifestation of this conundrum is envisaged in the highly defective iron chalcogenide superconductors of KxFe2-ySe2 (3-6). How can superconductivity survive under such crude conditions that call for strong electron localization (7)? With vacancies present both at the K and Fe sites, superconductivity is bordering a semi-metallic region below x ~ 0.7 and an insulating and antiferromagnetic region above x ~ 0.85 (8,9). Here, we report on the bulk local atomic structure and show that the Fe sublattice is locally distorted in a way that it accommodates two kinds of Fe valence environments giving rise to a bimodal bond distribution. While the bond length distribution is driven by K and Fe contents, the superconducting state is characterized by the coexistence of both short (metallic) and long (insulating) Fe bond environments and is not phase separated. In contrast to other Fe-based materials in which only one kind of Fe to Fe bond is present, the dual nature of the Fe correlations explains why superconductivity is intertwined with magnetic order. Such a hybrid state is most likely present in cuprate superconductors as well (10,11) while our results point to the importance of the local atomic symmetry by which the exchange interactions between local moments can materialize (12).