Peak-to-average power ratio of good codes for Gaussian channel

TL;DR

This paper establishes that near-capacity codes for Gaussian channels must have a peak-to-average power ratio that grows logarithmically with blocklength, impacting code design and power efficiency in communication systems.

Contribution

It proves a fundamental lower bound on PAPR for codes approaching capacity, extending to OFDM outputs and large amplitude regimes.

Findings

PAPR grows logarithmically with blocklength for capacity-approaching codes

Codes with near-capacity performance must have high PAPR, affecting practical implementation

Characterizes the convergence of amplitude-constrained capacity to Shannon's formula

Abstract

Consider a problem of forward error-correction for the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. For finite blocklength codes the backoff from the channel capacity is inversely proportional to the square root of the blocklength. In this paper it is shown that codes achieving this tradeoff must necessarily have peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) proportional to logarithm of the blocklength. This is extended to codes approaching capacity slower, and to PAPR measured at the output of an OFDM modulator. As a by-product the convergence of (Smith's) amplitude-constrained AWGN capacity to Shannon's classical formula is characterized in the regime of large amplitudes. This converse-type result builds upon recent contributions in the study of empirical output distributions of good channel codes.