Accretion disk wind as explanation for the broad-line region structure in NGC 5548

TL;DR

This study models the broad-line region in NGC 5548, revealing a wind launched from the accretion disk that explains the structure and geometry of the emission lines.

Contribution

It provides a detailed geometric and velocity-based model of the BLR, linking line profiles to a disk wind origin, which is a novel interpretation for NGC 5548.

Findings

Broad emission lines originate 2-27 light days from the center.

Inner high-ionization lines are emitted in filamentary structures 1-14 light days above the midplane.

Hbeta line is emitted in a more flattened outer region 6-26 light days away.

Abstract

Supermassive black holes in the centers of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are surrounded by broad-line regions (BLRs). The broad emission lines seen in the AGN spectra are emitted in this spatially unresolved region. We intend to obtain information on the structure and geometry of this BLR based on observed line profiles. We modeled the rotational and turbulent velocities in the line-emitting region on the basis of the line-width FWHM and line dispersion sigma_line of the variable broad emission lines in NGC5548. Based on these velocities we estimated the height of the line-emitting regions above the midplane in the context of their distances from the center. The broad emission lines originate at distances of 2 to 27 light days from the center. Higher ionized lines originate in the inner region (lesser equal 13 light days) in specific filamentary structures 1 to 14 light days above the midplane. In contrast, the Hbeta line is emitted in an outer (6 - 26 light days), more flattened configuration at heights of 0.7 to 4 light days only above the midplane. The derived geometry of the line-emitting region in NGC5548 is consistent with an outflowing wind launched from an accretion disk.