Self-consistent electronic structure of multiquantum vortices in superconductors at $T\ll T_c$

TL;DR

This paper studies multiquantum vortex states in type-II superconductors at very low temperatures, using a quasiclassical approach to analyze their electronic structure and density of states in both clean and dirty regimes.

Contribution

It provides a self-consistent calculation of order parameter and LDOS profiles for multiquantum vortices, revealing new interference patterns and a distinctive zero-energy LDOS plateau.

Findings

Low temperature vortex core anomaly confirmed in clean regime.

Interference patterns in LDOS analogous to Bogolubov-de Gennes results.

Zero-energy LDOS plateau as a hallmark of multiquantum vortices in dirty regime.

Abstract

We investigate the multiquantum vortex states in type-II superconductor both in "clean" and "dirty" regimes defined by impurity scattering rate. Within quasiclassical approach we calculate self-consistently the order parameter distributions and electronic local density of states (LDOS) profiles. In the clean case we find the low temperature vortex core anomaly predicted analytically in G.E. Volovik, JETP Lett. {\bf 58}, 455 (1993) and obtain the interference patterns in LDOS distributions analogous to found previously in the framework of Bogolubov-de Gennes theory. In dirty regime the multiquantum vortices feature a peculiar plateau in the zero-energy LDOS profile which can be considered as an experimental hallmark of multiquantum vortex formation in mesoscopic superconductors.