Pulses and Snakes in Ginzburg--Landau Equation

TL;DR

This paper identifies and analyzes two types of dissipative solitons, pulses and snakes, in the cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation, revealing their shape, stability, and bifurcation behaviors through a combination of variational methods and numerical simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a variational approach to classify and analyze non-stationary dissipative solitons in the CGLE, highlighting their complex dynamics and bifurcation sequences.

Findings

Identification of pulse and snake dissipative solitons.

Agreement between variational predictions and numerical simulations.

Observation of bifurcation sequences affecting soliton properties.

Abstract

Using a variational formulation for partial differential equations (PDEs) combined with numerical simulations on ordinary differential equations (ODEs), we find two categories (pulses and snakes) of dissipative solitons, and analyze the dependence of both their shape and stability on the physical parameters of the cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE). In contrast to the regular solitary waves investigated in numerous integrable and non-integrable systems over the last three decades, these dissipative solitons are not stationary in time. Rather, they are spatially confined pulse-type structures whose envelopes exhibit complicated temporal dynamics. Numerical simulations reveal very interesting bifurcations sequences as the parameters of the CGLE are varied. Our predictions on the variation of the soliton amplitude, width, position, speed and phase of the solutions using the variational formulation agree with simulation results.