Higher derivative effects for 4d AdS gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates higher derivative corrections in 4d AdS gravity motivated by holography, analyzing their effects on black hole solutions and the dual CFT spectrum, and constraining these corrections via unitarity.

Contribution

It demonstrates that higher derivative terms can be treated perturbatively to preserve second-order equations of motion and explores their implications for dual CFT operators and unitarity constraints.

Findings

Higher derivative corrections modify black hole solutions and spectra.

Unitarity constrains the form of higher derivative terms.

Perturbative approach ensures well-posed variational problems.

Abstract

Motivated by holography, we explore higher derivative corrections to four-dimensional Anti-de Sitter (AdS) gravity. We point out that in such a theory the variational problem is generically not well-posed given only a boundary condition for the metric. However, when one evaluates the higher derivative terms perturbatively on a leading order Einstein solution, the equations of motion are always second order and therefore the variational problem indeed requires only a boundary condition for the metric. The equations of motion required to compute the spectrum around the corrected background are still generically higher order, with the additional boundary conditions being associated with new operators in the dual conformal field theory. We discuss which higher derivative curvature invariants are expected to arise in the four-dimensional action from a top-down perspective and compute the corrections to planar AdS black holes and to the spectrum around AdS in various cases. Requiring that the dual theory is unitary strongly constrains the higher derivative terms in the action, as the operators associated with the extra boundary conditions generically have complex conformal dimensions and non-positive norms.