The quantum Rabi model for two qubits

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the two-qubit quantum Rabi model in the ultrastrong-coupling regime, revealing spectral convergence to forced oscillator chains, spectral crossings, and providing methods to calculate normal modes and time evolution of quantum properties.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of the two-qubit Rabi model with different qubits, employing parity decomposition and perturbation theory to understand spectral properties and dynamics.

Findings

Spectral convergence to forced oscillator chains in the ultrastrong-coupling regime

Spectral crossings within each parity subspace in the moderate-coupling regime

Effective calculation methods for normal modes and quantum dynamics

Abstract

We study the two-qubit Rabi model in the most general case where the qubits are different from each other. The spectrum of the system in the ultrastrong-coupling regime is shown to converge to two forced oscillator chains by perturbation theory. An even and odd decomposition of the Hilbert space allows us to calculate the spectra in any given parameter regime; the cases studied confirm our perturbation theory prediction in the ultrastrong-coupling regime and point to crossings in the spectra within each parity subspace in the moderate-coupling regime. The normal modes of the system are calculated by two different methods, the first a linear algebra approach via the parity bases that delivers a four-term recurrence relation for the amplitudes of the proper states and, the second, via Bargmann representation for the field that delivers five-term recurrence relations. Finally, we show some examples of the time evolution of the mean photon number, population inversion, von Neuman entropy and Wootters concurrence under the two-qubit quantum Rabi Hamiltonian by taking advantage of the parity decomposition.