Turbulence in the two-dimensional Fourier-truncated Gross-Pitaevskii equation

TL;DR

This study uses direct numerical simulations to analyze turbulence in the two-dimensional Fourier-truncated Gross-Pitaevskii equation, revealing four distinct regimes with evolving spectral properties and thermalization behaviors.

Contribution

The paper provides a systematic classification of turbulence evolution in the 2D Fourier-truncated Gross-Pitaevskii equation through detailed numerical simulations.

Findings

Identification of four turbulence regimes with distinct spectral properties.

Observation of power-law scaling regions and their dependence on initial conditions.

Demonstration of partial and complete thermalization consistent with BKT theory.

Abstract

We undertake a systematic, direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the two-dimensional, Fourier-truncated, Gross-Pitaevskii equation to study the turbulent evolutions of its solutions for a variety of initial conditions and a wide range of parameters. We find that the time evolution of this system can be classified into four regimes with qualitatively different statistical properties. First, there are transients that depend on the initial conditions. In the second regime, power-law scaling regions, in the energy and the occupation-number spectra, appear and start to develop; the exponents of these power-laws and the extents of the scaling regions change with time and depended on the initial condition. In the third regime, the spectra drop rapidly for modes with wave numbers $k > k_c$ and partial thermalization takes place for modes with $k < k_c$; the self-truncation wave number $k_c(t)$ depends on the initial conditions and it grows either as a power of $t$ or as $\log t$. Finally, in the fourth regime, complete-thermalization is achieved and, if we account for finite-size effects carefully, correlation functions and spectra are consistent with their nontrivial Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless forms.