Quantum dice

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how classical dice can be used to simulate quantum interference and entanglement, providing an intuitive understanding of quantum phenomena through simple, tangible experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analogy using dice to model quantum interference and entanglement, bridging classical intuition with quantum mechanics.

Findings

Single die measurements produce quantum-like interference effects.

Entangling two dice can violate Bell's inequality.

Classical dice can simulate key quantum phenomena.

Abstract

In a letter to Born, Einstein wrote: "Quantum mechanics is certainly imposing. But an inner voice tells me that it is not yet the real thing. The theory says a lot, but does not really bring us any closer to the secret of the old one. I, at any rate, am convinced that He does not throw dice." In this paper we take seriously Einstein's famous metaphor, and show that we can gain considerable insight into quantum mechanics by doing something as simple as rolling dice. More precisely, we show how to perform measurements on a single die, to create typical quantum interference effects, and how to connect (entangle) two identical dice, to maximally violate Bell's inequality.