Accurate detection of moving targets via random sensor arrays and Kerdock codes

TL;DR

This paper develops a rigorous mathematical framework for detecting moving targets with random sensor arrays in radar, utilizing Kerdock codes for transmission waveforms, and demonstrates practical effectiveness through simulations.

Contribution

It introduces the first mathematical theory for moving target detection with random arrays and employs Kerdock codes to enhance practical radar performance.

Findings

Theoretical recovery guarantees for moving targets using random arrays.

Kerdock codes possess properties beneficial for radar detection.

Numerical simulations confirm the theory's practical applicability.

Abstract

The detection and parameter estimation of moving targets is one of the most important tasks in radar. Arrays of randomly distributed antennas have been popular for this purpose for about half a century. Yet, surprisingly little rigorous mathematical theory exists for random arrays that addresses fundamental question such as how many targets can be recovered, at what resolution, at which noise level, and with which algorithm. In a different line of research in radar, mathematicians and engineers have invested significant effort into the design of radar transmission waveforms which satisfy various desirable properties. In this paper we bring these two seemingly unrelated areas together. Using tools from compressive sensing we derive a theoretical framework for the recovery of targets in the azimuth-range-Doppler domain via random antennas arrays. In one manifestation of our theory we use Kerdock codes as transmission waveforms and exploit some of their peculiar properties in our analysis. Our paper provides two main contributions: (i) We derive the first rigorous mathematical theory for the detection of moving targets using random sensor arrays. (ii) The transmitted waveforms satisfy a variety of properties that are very desirable and important from a practical viewpoint. Thus our approach does not just lead to useful theoretical insights, but is also of practical importance. Various extensions of our results are derived and numerical simulations confirming our theory are presented.