Influence of microstructure on superconductivity in K$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ and evidence for a new parent phase K$_2$Fe$_7$Se$_8$

TL;DR

This study investigates how microstructure influences superconductivity in K$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$, revealing a network of superconducting filaments and proposing a new parent phase K$_2$Fe$_7$Se$_8$ with a specific vacancy structure.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the microstructural features and proposes a novel parent phase for superconductivity in K$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ materials.

Findings

Identification of a 3D network of superconducting filaments

Evidence for a new parent phase K$_2$Fe$_7$Se$_8$

Proposal of a specific Fe vacancy structure in the superconducting phase

Abstract

The search for new superconducting materials has been spurred on by the discovery of iron-based superconductors whose structure and composition is qualitatively different from the cuprates. The study of one such material, K$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ with a critical temperature of 32 K, is made more difficult by the fact that it separates into two phases: a dominant antiferromagnetic insulating phase with a K$_2$Fe$_4$Se$_5$ structure, and a minority superconducting phase whose precise structure is as yet unclear. Here we perform electrical and magnetization measurements, scanning electron microscopy and microanalysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning tunnelling microscopy on K$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ crystals prepared under different quenching processes to better understand the relationship between its microstructure and its superconducting phase. We identify a 3D network of superconducting filaments within this material and present evidence to suggest that the superconducting phase consists of a single Fe vacancy for every eight Fe-sites arranged in a $\sqrt{10}\times\sqrt{8}$ parallelogram structure.