Development of 2D Bi-SQUID Arrays with High Linearity

TL;DR

This paper presents the development and analysis of a 2D bi-SQUID SQIF array with high linearity, optimized for magnetic field sensing and low-noise amplification, combining simulations and experimental results.

Contribution

It introduces a novel 2D bi-SQUID array design with optimized linearity and demonstrates fabrication and characterization of different array sizes.

Findings

Pronounced zero-field antipeak in voltage response.

Linearity and size can be optimized via critical current adjustments.

Experimental results align with circuit simulations.

Abstract

We develop a two-dimensional (2D) Superconducting Quantum Interference Filter (SQIF) array based on recently introduced high-linearity tri-junction bi-SQUIDs. Our bi-SQUID SQIF array design is based on a tight integration of individual bi- SQUID cells sharing inductances with adjacent cells. We provide extensive computer simulations, analysis and experimental measurements, in which we explore the phase dynamics and linearity of the array voltage response. The non-uniformity in inductances of the bi-SQUIDs produces a pronounced zero-field single antipeak in the voltage response. The anti-peak linearity and size can be optimized by varying the critical current of the additional junction of each bi-SQUID. The layout implementation of the tight 2D array integration leads to a distinct geometrical diamond shape formed by the merged dual bi-SQUID cells. Different size 2D arrays are fabricated using standard HYPRES niobium 4.5 kA/cm2 fabrication process. The measured linearity, power gain, and noise properties will be analyzed for different array sizes and the results will be compared with circuit simulations. We will discuss a design approach for the electrically small magnetic field antenna and low-noise amplifiers with high bandwidth based on these 2D bi-SQUID SQIF arrays. The results from this work will be used to design chips densely and completely covered in bi-SQUIDs that has optimized parameters such as linearity and power gain.