FCA - An Approach On LEACH Protocol Of Wireless Sensor Networks Using Fuzzy Logic

TL;DR

This paper introduces FCA, a fuzzy logic-based clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks that optimizes cluster-head radius considering energy and location, improving network lifetime and energy efficiency.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel fuzzy clustering algorithm (FCA) that incorporates residual energy and distance to the base station to enhance LEACH protocol performance.

Findings

FCA extends network lifetime compared to LEACH.

FCA reduces energy consumption and hot spots.

FCA shows improved stability and energy efficiency.

Abstract

In order to gather information more efficiently, wireless sensor networks are partitioned into clusters. The most of the proposed clustering algorithms do not consider the location of the base station. This situation causes hot spots problem in multi-hop wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy clustering algorithm (FCA) which aims to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. FCA adjusts the cluster-head radius considering the residual energy and the distance to the base station parameters of the sensor nodes. This helps decreasing the intra-cluster work of the sensor nodes which are closer to the base station or have lower battery level. We utilize fuzzy logic for handling the uncertainties in cluster-head radius estimation. We compare our algorithm with LEACH according to first node dies, half of the nodes alive and energy-efficiency metrics. Our simulation results show that FCA performs better than other algorithms in most of the cases. Therefore, our proposed algorithm is a stable and energy-efficient clustering algorithm.